Foramen infraorbitale
Das Foramen infraorbitale ist die Mündung des Canalis infraorbitalis an der äußeren Schädelfläche.
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Anatomie
Durch das Foramen infraorbitale verlassen der Nervus, die Arteria und die Vena infraorbitalis aus der Orbita kommend den Canalis infraorbitalis, um sich anschließend in ihre Endäste aufzuzweigen.
In vivo lässt sich das Foramen durch Palpation der leicht erhabenen rillenartigen Struktur (Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris) mittig-medial leicht unterhalb der Margo infraorbitalis bestimmen.
Klinik
Die Palpation des Foramen infraorbitale erfolgt im Rahmen der körperlichen Untersuchung. Damit soll eine Reizung der Nervenaustrittspunkte des N. trigeminus getestet werden, die im Rahmen verschiedener Erkrankungen vorliegen kann.
Das Foramen dient außerdem als anatomische Landmarke für die Regionalanästhesie in der Zahnheilkunde und ermöglicht die Schmerzausschaltung des N. infraorbitalis, der die ipsilateralen Schneide- und Eckzähne sowie die Prämolaren innerviert. Zudem erfolgt eine Anästhesie von Teilen des Vestibulum oris, der ipsilateralen Hälfte der Oberlippe sowie des Nasenflügels.
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