Inguinal lymph nodes

Recommended video: Introduction to the lymphatic system [14:10]

Overview of the anatomy, function and main structures of the lymphatic system.

Inguinal lymph nodes are located within the inguinal region and receive lymphatic drainage from the lower extremity, genitals, dorsal perineum and the inferior most aspect of the anterior abdominal wall. 

They range from approximately 12-14 lymph nodes and are divided into superficial and deep groups. 

The superficial inguinal lymph nodes, of which there are approximately 10, lie superficially, deep to the skin and Camper's fascia. They are located along the superficial circumflex iliac vein immediately below the inguinal ligament and are subdivided into the superomedial, superolateral and inferior superficial inguinal nodes. This group of lymph nodes receive lymphatic drainage from the anal canal (below the pectinate line), skin below the umbilicus, lower extremity, scrotum, and vulva. Efferent vessels of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain to either the deep inguinal nodes or external iliac nodes. 

The deep inguinal lymph nodes lie within the femoral sheath, medial to the femoral vein and range from approximately 1-3 nodes. They are similarly divided into subgroups which include the proximal, intermediate and distal deep inguinal nodes. The deep inguinal nodes receive efferents from the deep lymphatics of the lower limb, superficial inguinal nodes and from the penis/clitoris. Efferent vessels of the deep inguinal nodes drain to the external iliac nodes.