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Cross sections

Head and neck

In this chapter we explore the brain, the sensory organs, the skull as well as the different structures of the neck visible in a series of cross sections.
  1. Superior sagittal sinus level
    Structures at the superior sagittal sinus level.
  2. Frontal sinus level
    Structures of the brain at the frontal sinus level.
  3. Caudate nucleus level
    Horizontal level of the brain at the caudate nucleus level.
  4. Thalamus level
    Structures of the brain and head at the thalamus level.
  5. Optic chiasm level
    Structures of the brain at the optic chiasm level.
  6. Maxillary sinus level
    Structures of the head at the maxillary sinus level.
  7. Sigmoid sinus level
    Structures of the head at the sigmoid sinus level.
  8. Tongue level
    Structures at the tongue level.
  9. Third cervical vertebra level
    Muscles, bones and vessels at the vertebra C3 level.
  10. Fourth cervical vertebra level
    Structures at the vertebra C4 level.
  11. Sixth cervical vertebra level
    Muscles and vessels at the vertebra C6 level.
  12. Seventh cervical vertebra level
    Structures at the lowest part of the neck at the vertebra C7 level.

Upper limb

In this chapter we see the bones, the muscles and the vessels of the upper limb in the cross-sectional plane.
  1. Deltoid muscle level
    Bony elements and muscles of the upper arm at the deltoid muscle level.
  2. Coracobrachialis muscle level
    Structures at the upper part of the arm at the coracobrachialis muscle level.
  3. Biceps brachii muscle level
    Structures of the arm at the biceps brachii muscle level.
  4. Brachialis muscle level
    Muscles, bones and vessels at the brachialis muscle level.
  5. Olecranon fossa level
    Structures at the lowest part of the arm at the olecranon fossa level.
  6. Supinator muscle level
    Muscles and bones at the supinator muscle level.
  7. Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle level
    Structures of the forearm at the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle level.
  8. Pronator quadratus muscle level
    Muscles and bones at the lowest part of the forearm.
  9. Radiocarpal joint level
    Structures of the wrist at the level of the radiocarpal joint.
  10. Distal carpal row level
    Muscles and bones at the level of the distal carpal row.
  11. Carpometacarpal joints level
    Structures of the wrist at the level of the carpometacarpal joints.
  12. First metacarpal head level
    Structures of the hand at the level of the first metacarpal head.
  13. Hypothenar eminence level
    Cross section of the hand at the level of the hypothenar eminence.
  14. Metacarpophalangeal joints level
    Muscles and bones at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joints.

Thorax

In this chapter we will explore the organs of the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall as seen in cross sections.
  1. First thoracic vertebra level
    Structures at the vertebra T1 level.
  2. Second thoracic vertebra level
    Structures at the vertebra T2 level.
  3. Third thoracic vertebra level
    Lungs, vessels, muscles and bones of the thorax at the vertebra T3 level.
  4. Fourth thoracic vertebra level
    Structures at the vertebra T4 level.
  5. Fifth thoracic vertebra level
    Structures of the thorax at the vertebra T5 level.
  6. Pulmonary veins level
    Structures of the thorax at the pulmonary veins level.
  7. Seventh thoracic vertebra level
    Lungs, vessels, muscles of the lower thorax at the vertebra T7 level.
  8. Eight thoracic vertebra level
    Structures of the thorax at the vertebra T8 level.
  9. Ninth thoracic vertebra level
    Organs, muscles and bones at the vertebra T9 level.
  10. Tenth thoracic vertebra level
    Cross section at the vertebra T10 level.

Abdomen

In this chapter we will explore the abdominal organs as well as the muscles and bones of the abdominal wall through a series of cross sections.
  1. Eleventh thoracic vertebra level
    Structures of the abdominal cavity and wall at the vertebra T11 level.
  2. Twelfth thoracic vertebra level
    Viscera and musculoskeletal structures at the vertebra T12 level.
  3. First lumbar vertebra level
    Structures at the vertebra L1 level.
  4. Second lumbar vertebra level
    Cross section of the abdomen at the vertebra L2 level.
  5. Third lumbar vertebra level
    Cross section of the abdomen at the vertebra L3 level.
  6. Fourth lumbar vertebra level
    Viscera, vessels and muscles at the vertebra L4 level.

Male pelvis

In this set of cross sections we see the bones, muscles, organs, vessels and nerves of the male pelvis.
  1. Fifth lumbar vertebra level
    Viscera and muscles of the upper male pelvis at the vertebra L5 level.
  2. Sacroiliac joint level
    Structures of the male pelvis at the sacroiliac joint level.
  3. Urinary bladder level
    Organs, muscles and bones of the male pelvis at the urinary bladder level.
  4. Levator ani muscle level
    Muscles and bones of the lower male pelvis at the levator ani muscle level.

Female pelvis

In this set of cross sections we see the bones, muscles, organs, vessels and nerves of the female pelvis.
  1. Cauda equina level
    Structures of the upper part of the female pelvis at the cauda equina level.
  2. Coccyx level
    Organs of the female pelvis at the coccyx level.
  3. Rectum level
    Cross section of the female pelvis at the rectum level.
  4. Vagina level
    Organs of the female pelvis at the vagina level.

Lower extremity

In this chapter you will learn how to identify the structures of the lower limb in the cross-sectional plane.
  1. Quadratus femoris muscle level
    Structures of the thigh and pelvis at the quadratus femoris muscle level.
  2. Adductor brevis muscle level
    Muscles and vessels of the thigh at the adductor brevis muscle level.
  3. Adductor longus muscle level
    Detailed sectional anatomy of the thigh.
  4. Gracilis muscle level
    Muscles and bones of the thigh at the gracilis muscle level.
  5. Patella level
    Structures of the leg at the patella level.
  6. Soleus muscle level
    Cross section of the leg at the soleus muscle level.
  7. Achilles tendon level
    Structures of the leg at the Achilles tendon level.

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