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Anatomy
Basics Upper limb Lower limb Spine and back Thorax Abdomen Pelvis and perineum Head and neck Neuroanatomy Cross sections Radiological anatomy
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Anatomy
Basics Upper limb Lower limb Spine and back Thorax Abdomen Pelvis and perineum Head and neck Neuroanatomy Cross sections Radiological anatomy
Histology
Types of tissues
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Neuroanatomy: want to learn more about it?

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Neuroanatomy

Overview

An introduction to the central and peripheral nervous systems.
  1. Central nervous system (CNS): Introduction to the brain
    Basic anatomy and function of the brain.
    Start
  2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS): Nerves, ganglia and plexuses
    Introduction to the peripheral nervous system.
    Start

Cerebrum

The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and consists of the cerebral cortex which is responsible for motor, sensory and cognitive functions.
  1. Overview of the cerebrum
    Overview of the cerebral gray and white matter.
    Start
  2. Lateral view of the brain
    Structures seen on the lateral views of the brain.
    Start
  3. Medial view of the brain
    Structures seen on the medial view of the brain.
    Start
  4. Inferior view of the brain
    Structures seen on the inferior view of the brain.
    Start
  5. Brodmann areas
    An overview of Brodmann areas of the cerebral cortex.
    Start
  6. Hippocampus, fornix and amygdaloid body
    Introduction to the hippocampus, fornix and amygdaloid body.
    Start
  7. Basal ganglia
    Anatomy and function of the basal ganglia.
    Start
  8. Horizontal section of the brain
    Introduction to the internal structures of the brain.
    Start
  9. Coronal section of the brain (thalamus level)
    Internal structures of the brain seen at the thalamus level.
    Start
  10. Motor and sensory cortical homunculus
    Motor and sensory representation of the body in the cerebral cortex.
    Start

Diencephalon

The diencephalon forms the caudal part of the forebrain and plays an important role in both motor and cognitive functions.
  1. Overview of the diencephalon
    Introduction to the diencephalon and the related structures.
    Start
  2. Thalamus
    Overview of the thalamus and surrounding structures.
    Start
  3. Thalamic nuclei
    Main nuclei of the thalamus.
    Start
  4. Hypothalamus
    Location, relations and functions of the hypothalamus.
    Start
  5. Pituitary gland
    Major features of the pituitary gland.
    Start

Cerebellum

The cerebellum is responsible for the co-ordination of movements.
  1. Cerebellar cortex
    Surface anatomy and organization of the cerebellar cortex.
    Start
  2. Cerebellar nuclei
    Deep nuclei of the cerebellum.
    Start

Brainstem

The brainstem consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.
  1. Overview and surface anatomy of the brainstem
    Exploration of the parts and landmarks of the brainstem.
    Start
  2. Medulla oblongata (internal anatomy)
    An overview of the internal anatomical structure of the medulla oblongata.
    Start
  3. Cranial nerve nuclei
    An overview of the cranial nuclei of the brainstem.
    Start

Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space

In this chapter we explore the meninges, subarachnoid space and the ventricles of the brain.
  1. Cranial meninges
    Anatomy and structure of the meninges of the brain.
    Start
  2. Ventricles of the brain
    Anatomy of the ventricular system of the brain.
    Start
  3. Cerebrospinal fluid production and circulation
    Introduction to cerebrospinal fluid and its circulation pathways.
    Start

Blood supply of the brain

Introduction to the arteries and veins of the brain.
  1. Arteries of the brain
    Arteries of the brain seen from the lateral and medial views of the brain.
    Start
  2. Veins of the brain
    Introduction to the veins of the brain.
    Start
  3. Dural venous sinuses
    Introduction to the dural venous sinuses.
    Start

Spinal cord

The spinal cord and the brain, together, make up the central nervous system (CNS). This chapter will discuss all the anatomy related to the spinal cord.
  1. Topography and morphology of the spinal cord
    Introduction to the external morphology and topography of the spinal cord.
    Start
  2. Spinal meninges and nerve roots
    Introduction to the meningeal layers and spinal roots of the spinal cord.
    Start
  3. Internal morphology of the spinal cord
    An overview of the internal morphology and structure of the spinal cord.
    Start
  4. Spinal nerves
    Explore the anatomical structure and formation of the spinal nerves.
    Start
  5. Blood vessels of the spinal cord
    Arteries and veins of the spinal cord.
    Start

Pathways of the nervous system

Main motor and sensory tracts of the central nervous system.
  1. Pyramidal tracts
    The most important motor pathway of the CNS.
    Start
  2. Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway (PCML)
    This is the main ascending (sensory) pathway of the nervous system.
    Start
  3. Taste pathway
    Neural pathway of taste.
    Start

Cranial nerves

The twelve cranial nerves emerge from the brain and the brainstem. Via the cranial nerves, information is exchanged between the brain and areas of the body.
  1. 12 cranial nerves
    Overview of the 12 cranial nerves.
    Start
  2. Olfactory nerve (CN I)
    Overview of the olfactory nerve and pathway.
    Start
  3. Optic nerve (CN II)
    Optic nerve and visual pathway.
    Start
  4. Oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves (CN III, IV & VI)
    Overview of the cranial nerves associated with eye movement.
    Start
  5. Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1)
    An overview of the nuclei, course and branches of the ophthalmic nerve.
    Start
  6. Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
    An overview of the course, branches and function of the maxillary nerve.
    Start
  7. Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
    An overview of the course, branches and function of the mandibular nerve.
    Start
  8. Facial nerve (CN VII)
    Nuclei, course and branches of the facial nerve.
    Start
  9. Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
    Nuclei, course and branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
    Start
  10. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
    Course, branches and nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
    Start
  11. Vagus nerve (CN X)
    Course, branches and nuclei of the vagus nerve.
    Start
  12. Accessory nerve (CN XI)
    Course, branches and nuclei of the accessory nerve.
    Start
  13. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
    Overview of nuclei, course and branches of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).
    Start

Peripheral nervous system

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of nerve fibers and cell bodies outside the CNS that conduct impulses to or away from the CNS.
  1. Dermatomes and myotomes
    Overview of the dermatomes and myotomes of the body.
    Start
  2. Autonomic nervous system
    Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS.
    Start

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