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Lower limb: want to learn more about it?

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Kim Bengochea Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver

Lower limb

Overview

Before we examine the lower limb in detail, let’s take a look at the main bones, muscles, vessels and nerves of the lower limb.
  1. Regions of the lower limb
    Overview of the regions of the lower limb.
  2. Main bones of the lower limb
    Major bones of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.
  3. Main muscles of the lower limb
    Major muscles of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.
  4. Main arteries of the lower limb
    Major arteries of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.
  5. Main veins of the lower limb
    Major veins and tributaries that drain the lower limb.
  6. Main nerves of the lower limb
    Major nerves of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.

Hip and thigh

The framework of the hip and thigh is defined by the bony pelvis and femur. Bones, blood vessels and nerves attach to and pass alongside these bones.
  1. Femur
    Overview of the anatomy of the femur.
  2. Hip bone
    Overview of the bones and bony landmarks of the hip bone.
  3. Hip joint
    Overview of the bones and ligaments of the hip joint.
  4. Muscles of the hip and thigh
    Overview of the muscles of the hip and thigh.

Knee and leg

The leg is defined by the tibia, fibula and several associated muscles. It is connected to the thigh via the knee joint.
  1. Tibia and fibula
    Overview of the anatomy of the tibia and fibula.
  2. Knee joint
    Overview of the anatomy of the knee joint.
  3. Muscles of the leg
    Overview of the muscles of the leg and knee.

Ankle and foot

The ankle is a region where the leg and foot meet. Both the ankle and foot are comprised of many structures including bones, muscles, blood vessels and nerves.
  1. Bones of the foot
    Overview of the main bones of the foot.
  2. Talus
    Talus seen from lateral, medial, inferior and superior views.
  3. Calcaneus
    Calcaneus seen from lateral, medial, inferior and superior views.
  4. Ankle joint
    Overview of the bones and ligaments of the ankle joint.
  5. Joints and ligaments of the foot
    Overview of the main joints and ligaments of the foot.
  6. Muscles of the foot
    Overview of the muscles of the foot.

Nerves and vessels

The lower limbs are comprised of many structures supplied and innervated by arteries, veins and nerves of this region.
  1. Neurovasculature of the hip and thigh
    Overview of the nerves, arteries and veins of the hip and thigh.
  2. Femoral artery and its branches
    Overview of the femoral artery and its branches.
  3. Sciatic nerve and its branches
    Overview of the sciatic nerve and its branches from a posterior view.
  4. Neurovasculature of the leg and knee
    Overview of the arteries, veins and nerves of the leg and knee.
  5. Arteries and nerves of the foot
    Overview of the main arteries and nerves of the foot.

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